Pollen analysis examines fossil sporomorphs. Pollen grains contain the male germ cells of plants.

The analysis of microscopically small charcoal particles from lake sediments provides insights into the fire history.

Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) are single-celled siliceous algae, which are ecologically widespread, occurring in marine, freshwater and (semi-)terrestrial habitats worldwide.

In our working group, we combine our paleoecological results with numerous geochemical proxies.

The climate indicator-species method is based on observations of current geobotany.

Varves are annually laminated sediments, found mostly in limnic environments.

The AMS radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating application, based on the radioactive decay of ¹⁴C-nuclides.